One way they can do this by finding suitable peering partners to interconnect with. Networks will often attempt to reduce their transit bills by bypassing transit routes as much as Unsurprisingly, transit comprises a good bulk of a network provider’s operating costs. Usually transit through each others’ networks, but traffic bound for the other network’sĬustomers can be sent to its destination without needing to pass through a third network,Įliminating the need to pay transit costs. Network to exchange traffic for mutual benefit, usually for free. “Peering,” on the other hand, is when a network interconnects directly with another 115 A network will usually have various transit providers, giving it multiple paths toĪccess the entire Internet, likely at different costs and speeds, so it can choose a most costĮffective path for every destination. The transit network will chargeġ14 For a more detailed explanation of peering and transit, see Rudolf Van Der Berg, How the 'Net Works: An Introduction to Peering and Transit, available at Ī fee for this service, generally calculated based on the amount of traffic carried, or bandwidth This way itĭoes not have to be connected to every other network directly. Other parts of the Internet with which it is not directly interconnected (peered). “Transit” is when a network contracts another network to carry its traffic to and from Influencing the network provider’s operating costs, and by extension, profitability.įigure 3: A Network of Networks Interconnected Through Peering and Transit. These arrangements affect the cost of bandwidth in a variety of different ways, directly In order to be able to reach theĮntire Internet, a network relies on “peering” and “transit” agreements with other networks. To be directly connected to all other networks on the planet. However, it is virtually impossible for a network Transparency.” 113 However, could the inherent cost-structure of P2P traffic make a case for itīeing treated differently from other traffic?ĥ.3.1 Peering and Transit: An Analysis of Bandwidth Costs Raised concerns among edge providers and end users, particularly regarding lack of “whether any of these practices violated open Internet principles,” only noting that ”they have Indeed, it explicitly declines to determine Or “theoretical.” However, the order does not elaborate on what the reasonable managementĮxception entails for the management of P2P traffic. 112 TheįCC presents this as a rebuttal to the argument that the threats to openness are “speculative” Slowing and degrading of P2P traffic” as primary evidence of the actual existence ofĭiscriminatory practices by network providers to limit the openness of the Internet. Not only is a P2P case one of the only two instances of the Commission attempting toĮnforce open Internet principles, but the Commission also cites in its order “the blocking, P2P throttling has been at the heart of the net neutrality debate ever since the ComcastĬase.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |